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As a general rule, the plural is formed by adding "-s" to the singular form of nouns. 最常見的是在單數形式后面直接加 "-s" (來源：英語交友 )

shoe –> shoes

book –> books

river –> rivers

Nouns ending in "s" or "s" will generally take the ending "-es" : 以"s"結尾的通常加"-es"

bus –> buses

kiss –> kisses

Words ending in "y" will generally take the ending "-ies" in place of the "y": 以"y"結尾的通常轉換為"-ies"

party –> parties

supply –> supplies

Certain words have very irregular forms in the plural: 下面是精選的不規則復數形式，需要記住。

one man –> two men

one woman –> two women

one person –> two people

one foot –> two feet

one mouse –> two mice

one goose –> two geese

one tooth –> two teeth

one wife –> two wives

one child –> two children

one knife –> two knives

one thief –> two thieves

one dwarf –> two dwarves (ou: dwarfs)

one potato –> two potatoes

one leaf –> two leaves

one life –> two lives

one loaf –> two loaves

one half –> two halves

A small set of words do not change form in the plural:下列詞單復數同形

one moose –> two moose

one sheep –> two sheep

one aircraft –> two aircraft

Words of Greek or Latin origin which have retained their original endings will generally take the plural form associated with the language they are drawn from: 來源于希臘語或者拉丁語的單詞復數形式比較特殊，很容易拼錯，請記住下面這些單詞

one alumnus –> two alumni

one syllabus –> two syllabi

one alumna –> two alumnae

one alga –> many algae

one criterion –> many criteria

one forum –> many fora (or: forums)

one thesis –> two theses

one hypothesis –> two hypotheses

one phenomenon –> two phenomena

one cactus –> two cacti (or: cactuses)

one diagnosis –> two diagnoses

one oasis –> two oases

one analysis –> two analyses

A few nouns are invariable or collective, always indicating a plural meaning下列名詞屬于集合名詞只有復數含義: